Browsing by Author "Rodas, Gil"
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Item Association of the ACTN3 rs1815739 Polymorphism with Physical Performance and Injury Incidence in Professional Women Football Players.(Genes, 2022) Del Coso, Juan; Rodas, Gil; Buil, Miguel Ángel; Sánchez Sánchez, Javier; López, Pedro; González-Ródenas, Joaquín; Gasulla-Anglés, Pablo; López Samanés, Álvaro; Hernández-Sánchez, Sergio; Iztueta, Ane; Moreno Pérez, VíctorThe p.R577X polymorphism (rs1815739) in the ACTN3 gene causes individuals with the XX genotype to be deficient in functional α-actinin-3. Previous investigations have found that XX athletes are more prone to suffer non-contact muscle injuries, in comparison with RR and RX athletes who produce a functional α-actinin-3 in their fast-twitch fibers. This investigation aimed to determine the influence of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism on physical performance and injury incidence of players competing in the women’s Spanish first division of football (soccer). Using a cross-sectional experiment, football-specific performance and epidemiology of non-contact football-related injuries were recorded in a group of 191 professional football players. ACTN3 R577X genotype was obtained for each player using genomic DNA samples obtained through buccal swabs. A battery of physical tests, including a countermovement jump, a 20 m sprint test, the sit-and-reach test and ankle dorsiflexion, were performed during the preseason. Injury incidence and characteristics of non-contact injuries were obtained according to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) statement for one season. From the study sample, 28.3% of players had the RR genotype, 52.9% had the RX genotype, and 18.8% had the XX genotype. Differences among genotypes were identified with one-way analysis of variance (numerical variables) or chi-square tests (categorical variables). Jump height (p = 0.087), sprint time (p = 0.210), sit-and-reach distance (p = 0.361), and dorsiflexion in the right (p = 0.550) and left ankle (p = 0.992) were similar in RR, RX, and XX football players. A total of 356 non-contact injuries were recorded in 144 football players while the remaining 47 did not sustain any non-contact injuries during the season. Injury incidence was 10.4 ± 8.6, 8.2 ± 5.7, and 8.9 ± 5.3 injuries per/1000 h of football exposure, without differences among genotypes (p = 0.222). Injury rates during training (from 3.6 ± 3.7 to 4.8 ± 2.1 injuries per/1000 h of training exposure, p = 0.100) and match (from 47.8 ± 9.5 to 54.1 ± 6.3 injuries per/1000 h of match exposure, p = 0.209) were also similar in RR, RX, and XX football players. The ACTN3 genotype did not affect the mode of onset, the time needed to return to play, the type of injury, or the distribution of body locations of the injuries. In summary, women football players with different genotypes of the p.R577X ACTN3 polymorphism had similar values of football-specific performance and injury incidence. From a practical perspective, the ACTN3 genotyping may not be useful to predict performance or injury incidence in professional women football players.Item Demandas cinemáticas de competición internacional en el hockey hierba masculino.(Apunts. Educación Física y Deportes, 2021) Haro, Xavier; Torres, Lorena; Casamichana, David; Romero Moraleda, Blanca; Morencos Martínez, Esther; Rodas, GilEl objetivo de esta investigación fue describir las características cinemáticas durante partidos internacionales de hockey hierba masculino. Dieciséis jugadores (edad: 25.12 ± 3.66 años; altura: 177.12 ± 4.96 cm; peso: 72.45 ± 5.01 kg; internacionalidades: 79.12 ± 78.96) pertenecientes a la selección absoluta española, fueron monitorizados mediante sistemas de posicionamiento global y acelerometría durante 5 partidos del Campeonato de Europa de 2017. Los análisis se hicieron en función del cuarto de juego (C1, C2, C3 y C4), las demarcaciones (defensas, centrocampistas y delanteros), y los minutos jugados (por partido). Los datos analizados incluyeron distancias, aceleraciones y desaceleraciones en diferentes rangos de intensidad. Los defensas presentaron menor actividad cinemática a alta intensidad (velocidades, número de esprints, metros/min) respecto a medios y delanteros. El análisis por cuartos mostró que en el C1 hubo actividad cinemática mayor para todas las demarcaciones. En cuanto a minutos jugados, el análisis clúster agrupó a los jugadores en 3 grupos (<37, 37-48 y >48 minutos). Aquellos que jugaron <37 minutos, realizaron la mayor cantidad de metros a esprint (>21km/h) y de m/min en comparación con los otros grupos, mientras que los que disputaron entre 37-48 minutos, fueron los que más distancia a alta intensidad (>16km/h) recorrieron y mayor cantidad de esprints realizaron. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que las demandas físicas de los jugadores de élite de hockey hierba, dependen de la demarcación en el campo, del tiempo de juego, con mayor actividad en el C1, y con una menor actividad cinemática de alta intensidad relativa en aquellos jugadores que acumulan más minutos durante el partido.Item Demandas cinemáticas de competición internacional en el hockey sobre hierba femenino.(Apunts: Educación Física y Deportes, 2019) Morencos Martínez, Esther; Casamichana, David; Torres, Lorena; Romero Moraleda, Blanca; Haro, Xavier; Rodas, GilObjective. To compare the kinematic demands on international women field hockey players during official competition matches. Materials and methods. Sixteen women players (age: 24.7 ± 2.8; weight: 57.9 ± 5.9 kg; height: 165.2 ± 4.9 cm) belonging to the Spanish national team were monitored during 5 matches of the European Championship using global positioning systems (GPS). The analyses were carried out according to the players’ positions (defenders, midfielders and forwards), the quarters in the game (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), and the number of minutes played. The data analysed included distances, accelerations and decelerations in different intensity ranges. Results. The defenders showed less high-intensity activity (speeds, accelerations and decelerations) than midfielders and forwards (9.4 ± 2.4%; ES: 0.78 with the midfielders and 33.1 ± 7.2%; ES: 2.1, with the defenders). The analysis by quarters showed that in Q4 activity was the highest for all positions. In terms of the number of minutes played, the cluster analysis grouped the players into 3 groups according to the number of minutes played (<32, 32-45 and >45 minutes). The athletes who played <32 covered the greatest distance at a sprint (>21 km/h) and high-intensity distance (>15 km/h) per minute of play compared to the group who played >45 minutes. Conclusions. The results of this study show that the physical demands on élite women hockey players depend on their position on the field, and that there is more activity in the last quarter and less relative high-intensity kinematic activity among the players who play more minutes during the match.Item Effects of Football Training and Match-Play on Hamstring Muscle Strength and Passive Hip and Ankle Range of Motion during the Competitive Season.(International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022) Moreno Pérez, Víctor; Rodas, Gil; Peñaranda Moraga, Marcelo; López Samanés, Álvaro; Romero Rodríguez, Daniel; Aagaard, Per; Del Coso, JuanDeficits in hamstring muscle strength and in hip range of motion (ROM) have been considered risk factors for hamstring muscle injuries. However, there is a lack of information on how chronic exposure to regular football training affects hamstring muscle strength and hip ROM. The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal effect of football training and competition during a complete season on hamstring muscle strength and hip ROM in football players. A total of 26 semi-professional football players underwent measurements of isometric hamstring muscle strength and passive hip flexion/extension, and internal/external hip rotation (IR/ER) ROM during the football season (pre-season, mid-season, end-season). Compared to pre-season, hamstring muscle strength increased in the dominant (+11.1%, p = 0.002) and non-dominant (+10.5%, p = 0.014) limbs in the mid-season. Compared to mid-season, hamstring strength decreased in the dominant (−9.3%, p = 0.034) limb at end-season. Compared to the pre-season, hip extension ROM decreased in mid-season in the dominant (−31.7%, p = 0.007) and non-dominant (−44.1%, p = 0.004) limbs, and further decreased at end-season (−49.0%, p = 0.006 and −68.0%, p < 0.001) for the dominant and non-dominant limbs. Interlimb asymmetry for hip IR ROM increased by 57.8% (p < 0.002) from pre-season to mid-season. In summary, while hamstring muscle strength increased during the first half of the football season in football players, a progressive reduction in hip extension ROM was observed throughout the season. The reduced hip extension ROM suggests a reduced mobility of the hip flexors, e.g., iliopsoas, produced by the continuous practice of football. Consequently, hip-specific stretching and conditioning exercises programs should be implemented during the football season.