Browsing by Author "Santos, Fernando J."
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Item Analysis of individual performance indicators of football goalkeeper.(Apunts Sports Medicine, 2023) Tienza-Valverde, Alberto; Hernández Beltrán, Víctor; Espada, Mário C.; Bravo Sánchez, Alfredo; Santos, Fernando J.; Gamonales, José MOne of the most widely used strategies for performance analysis in different sports is notational analysis through direct observation of technical-tactical actions, which allows to understand the main indicators of sporting performance of the players, both individually and collectively. Football goalkeepers (GKs) are involved in the game differently when compared to the rest of the players in the team and, therefore, they develop different high-level and high-intensity tactical-technical actions. Therefore, the present work aimed to analyse the different performance indicators of football GKs through a search in the following databases: Web of Science (WOS), Scopus (Elsevier), PubMed (NIH) and, SPORTDiscus (EBSCO), until February 2023. The following keywords were used: "Football" or "Soccer", "Goalkeeper" and "Performance analysis". The results show that the main performance indicators are the percentage of avoided goals, the distribution of the ball at the goal kick as well as the number of offensive and defensive actions. Therefore, training sessions should be planned and implemented aimming to improve these skills.Item Documents Publication Evolution (1990–2022) Related to Physical Activity and Healthy Habits, a Bibliometric Review.(Healthcare, 2023) Hernández-Beltrán, Víctor; Espada, Mário C.; Santos, Fernando J.; Ferreira, Cátia C.; Gamonales, José M.This research aims to provide an overview of the growing number of scientific literature publications related to Physical Activity and Healthy Habits. A bibliometric analysis between 1990 and 2022 in the Web of Science was carried out, following the bibliometric analysis law, using Microsoft Excel and VosViewer Software for analysis and data processing. A total of 276 documents (262 primary studies and 14 revisions) related to the topic under study were located. The results reveal an exponential growth of scientific production by 48% between 2006 and 2022. Public Environmental Occupational Health, Kaprio, J., and the USA were the knowledge field, author, and country most productive, respectively. A great thematic diversity was found related to the most used keywords by the authors, such as “physical activity”, “health habits”, “exercise”, and “obesity”. Thus, the research related to this theme is really in an exponential phase, with great interest in the importance of physical activity and healthy habits, implying practical decisions in policies to develop programs to promote physical activity and healthy habits.Item Lower Limb Unilateral and Bilateral Strength Asymmetry in High-Level Male Senior and Professional Football Players.(Healthcare, 2023) Espada, Mário C.; Jardim, Marco; Assunção, Rafael; Estaca, Alexandre; Ferreira, Cátia C.; Pessôa Filho, Dalton M.; Verardi, Carlos E. L.; Gamonales, José M.; Santos, Fernando J.This study sought to assess the relationship between different jumping asymmetries and associated performance variables in high-level male senior and professional football players. Nineteen football players with at least 12 years of training experience (23.2 ± 3.1 years of age; 75.2 ± 4.8 kg of body mass and 181 ± 0.06 cm of height) participated in this study performing countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), single-leg CMJ and drop jump (DJ), associated performance variable eccentric utilization ratio (EUR), stretch-shortening cycle (SSC), bilateral deficit (BLD), and limb symmetry index (LSI) were determined. High correlations were observed between different methodologies of jump tests and associated performance indicators (SSC, BLD, EUR), except LSI. Moreover, CMJ and SJ results were different (p < 0.05), but no differences were found between interlimb in CMJ (p = 0.19) and DJ (p = 0.14). Between the same limbs and different jumps differences were detected in CMJ and DJ (p < 0.01), and it has also been found that the laterality effect size on strength was small in CMJ (ES = 0.30) and DJ (ES = 0.35). LSI between CMJ and DJ was not different despite higher mean values in CMJ, and although mean BLD was positive (>100%), the results highlight the need for individual evaluation since eight players scored negatively. An in-depth and accurate analysis of performance in preseason screening jump tests should be considered, aiming to detect injury risk, specifically evaluating different jumping test methodologies, and determining jumping associated performance variables for each test, namely EUR, SSC, BLD, and LSI. Specific muscle-strengthening exercises could be implemented based on this study results and outcomes, aiming to reduce injury risks and lower extremity asymmetries and to enhance individual football performance in high-level male senior and professional football players. Sports institutions should pay special attention regarding potential health problems in athletes exposed to daily high training loads.Item The effect of pitch size manipulation during small sided-games performed by different age category football players: a pilot study.(Journal of Men's Health, 2023) Espada, Mário C.; Gamonales, José M.; Verardi, Carlos E.L.; Pessôa Filho, Dalton M.; Ferreira, Cátia C.; Robalo, Ricardo A.M.; Dias, Amândio A.P.; Hernández-Beltrán, Víctor; Santos, Fernando J.This research aimed to analyse the pitch size manipulation effect on internal and external load and to study the age effect on the studied variables in different smallsided games (SSGs) formats. Male U-12 (n = 8), U-15 (n = 8) youth football players, and U-23 (n = 8) professional cohorts participated in the study. Two SSGs formats were analyzed, goalkeeper (GK) + 4 vs. 4 + GK, 3 minutes play in 20×30 m and 24 × 36 m, with 3 minutes rest between bouts. The variance analysis Anova two-way was used to analyse two independent factors, pitch size, and age group. The playing area manipulation had an effect under the following variables: distance (p<0.001), speed 0–6 km/h (p < 0.001), speed 12–18 km/h (p < 0.001), speed 18–21 km/h (p < 0.001), accelerations (Ac.) 1–2 m/s2 (p < 0.001), decelerations (Dc.) 2–3 m/s2 (p < 0.001), metabolic power (Pmet) (p < 0.001) and high metabolic load distance (HMLD) (p < 0.001). The age group influenced the distance covered (p < 0.001), speed 0–6 km/h (p < 0.001), speed 6–12 km/h (p < 0.001), speed 12–18 km/h (p < 0.001), speed 21–24 km/h (p = 0.030), Ac. 1–2 m/s2 (p < 0.001), Ac. 1–2 m/s2 (p < 0.001Pmet (p < 0.001), HMLD (p < 0.001) and training impulse (TRIMP) (p < 0.001). Playing area manipulation in football SSGs promotes an increase in external load intensity, namely, larger areas are suitable for larger effects at high speeds (>21 km/h) and TRIMP. A careful and detailed evaluation of training tasks, considering the different age category football players, is important to optimize the planning in football, aiming at improving players’ condition and performance and avoiding health problems and injuries