Competencias en ecografía clínica para el grado en Medicina en España : consenso nacional mediante un estudio Delphi modificado

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URI: https://hdl.handle.net/10641/8336
ISSN: 1575-1813
DOI: 10.1016/j.edumed.2026.101211

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2026-07-01

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Abstract

Introduction: Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) has become an essential diagnostic tool in contemporary medical practice. However, its integration into medical degree curricula in Spain is uneven and lacks a standardized competency framework. Objective: To define, by expert consensus, the cross-cutting competencies in clinical ultrasound that medical students in Spain should acquire during their undergraduate training. Material and methods: A modified Delphi study was conducted, coordinated by the Interuniversity Working Group on Clinical Ultrasound of the Spanish Society for Medical Education (GTEC-SEDEM). Thirty expert teachers from 20 Spanish universities participated. Eighty-nine statements distributed across 14 thematic blocks were evaluated using a 1- to 9-point Likert scale. Consensus was established following the RAND/UCLA criteria in two rounds conducted between October and December 2025. Results: Eighty-five competencies were validated (81 with strong consensus and 4 with moderate consensus). The consensus supports a longitudinal curriculum model, beginning with basic sciences and culminating in supervised clinical application. The technical management of the ultrasound machine, the application of the ALARA principle, ethics and confidentiality, and the systematic examination of organs and systems were identified as core competencies. Invasive procedures in patients and applications specific to the postgraduate field were excluded; simulation training for basic skills was maintained. Conclusion: This study provides a nationally agreed competency framework for POCUS teaching in Spanish undergraduate medical education, amenable to local adaptation and future updates.

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Publisher Copyright: © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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Clinical ultrasound, Competencia profesional, Curriculum, Currículo, Ecografía clínica, Ecografía clínica (POCUS), Educación médica, Estudiantes de Medicina, Medical education, Medical students, Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS), Professional competence, Medicina General, Educación, Si

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Gracia Romero, M Á, García de Casasola Sánchez, G, Almenara Abellán, J L, Gutiérrez Misis, A, Mejía Camarena, E, Pérez Terán, P, Bello Viruega, I M, Martinez Regada, X, Díaz Gómez, A, Ferreiro Gómez, M, García Suarez, I, Cubo Nava, A M, Luordo, D, Oteiza Olaso, J, Tung Chen, Y, Clau Terré, F, Romero Gómez, B, Parrilla Ruiz, F M, Henríquez Camacho, C, Campos Martínez, J, Oliván Usieto, M T, Bernabeu-Wittel, M, Uson, J, Fernández Salgado, F, Ramos Carrasco, A, Gutiérrez García, L & Villén Villegas, T 2026, 'Competencias en ecografía clínica para el grado en Medicina en España : consenso nacional mediante un estudio Delphi modificado', Educacion Medica, vol. 27, N.º 4, 101211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edumed.2026.101211

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FACULTAD DE MEDICINA