Protein and Sport: Alternative Sources and Strategies for Bioactive and Sustainable Sports Nutrition.
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2022
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Frontiers in Nutrition
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Abstract
Nutrition and sport play an important role in achieving a healthy lifestyle. In addition to
the intake of nutrients derived from the normal diet, some sport disciplines require the
consumption of supplements that contribute positively to improved athletic performance.
Protein intake is important for many aspects related to health, and current evidence
suggests that some athletes require increased amounts of this nutrient. On the other
hand, society’s demand for more environmentally friendly products, focus on the search
for alternative food sources more sustainable. This review aims to summarize the latest
research on novel strategies and sources for greener and functional supplementation
in sport nutrition. Alternative protein sources such as insects, plants or mycoproteins
have proven to be an interesting substrate due to their high added value in terms of
bioactivity and sustainability. Protein hydrolysis has proven to be a very useful technology
to revalue by-products, such as collagen, by producing bioactive peptides beneficial on
athletes performance and sport-related complications. In addition, it has been observed
that certain amino acids from plant sources, as citrulline or theanine, can have an
ergogenic effect for this target population. Finally, the future perspectives of protein
supplementation in sports nutrition are discussed. In summary, protein supplementation
in sports nutrition is a very promising field of research, whose future perspective lies with
the search for alternatives with greater bioactive potential and more sustainable than
conventional sources.
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Keywords
Sports nutrition, Protein hydrolysates, Alternative protein sources, Bioactive peptides, Amino acids