MÍMESIS: DOCUMENTOS DE TEORÍA MIMÉTICA

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Note su un'erotica narrativa attraverso Iser e Girard
(Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017) Patera, Teodoro
Wolfgang Iser aboga por renegar de la hermenéutica para abrazar una erótica del arte. Los fenómenos implicados en el encuentro entre el texto y el lector -es decir, un diálogo entre dos indeterminaciones que caen dentro de una semántica intersubjetiva- deben ser investigados, rechazando la ontología del significado. Iser describe un "dispositivo" de deseo que provoca un rediseño de la identidad por medio de una mediación narrativa. El artículo pretende integrar este dis-positivo con la teoría mimética de Girard. La teoría del deseo de Girard puede replantearse teniendo en cuenta las implicaciones estéticas de la rivalidad mimética. La carencia ontológica del sujeto y su demanda de plenitud a través de la asimilación del otro hacen del sujeto humano un agente creador. Una lectura cruzada de las aportaciones de los dos teóricos revelará una forma alternativa de concebir la mímesis. No se describirá ni como representación ni como imitación, sino como una estrategia de subjetivación estética
A violent origin : a Girardian analysis of the scapegoating of Ali ibn Abu Talib in Shi'ite tradition
(2008) Martin, Isaacs; Faculty of Humanities. University of Cape Twon (South Africa)
This dissertation applies Rene Girard's theory of the scapegoat mechanism to prove that Ali ibn Abu Talib appears in Shi'ite traditions as an innocent victim. The aim is to investigate Girard's substantial body of work to determine whether Ali was a scapegoat and a victim of a conspiracy within his community. Girard's theory is founded in mimetic desire, where he incorporated external and internal mediation to form an analysis of mimetic rivalry. Using various texts to develop his theory and support his concepts, he investigated Aristotle, Plato, Stendhal, Proust, Shakespeare and Freud. He developed his theory from the interaction between friends to the incorporation of an object of desire to form the 'French triangle'. He moved from investigating this 'triangle' in personal relationships to conspiracies and subsequently to communities with regard to primitive religions. It was in the discovery of the sacred victim that Girard recognized the purpose of myth, that it concealed the role of the persecutors and that it silenced the victim. Girard then transferred his deductions to analyzing the Bible, where he identified ways in which the text gave the victim a voice. He maintains that only Jesus supported a non-violent position and embraced positive mimetic desire in the form of imitating the love of God. In reviewing Ali's life, one discovers that it reveals Girard's concepts of mimetic rivalry, conspiracy and collective violence. There is the historical Ali and the divine Imam Ali. These two positions can be reconciled by following a constitutive reductionist method for the purpose of analysis in applying the scapegoat mechanism theory. Reductionism is useful and necessary for this study. While the historical Ali reveals a victim, the divine Ali takes responsibility for his own death. The historical and the divine reveal two perspectives in relating Ali's story, one from the victim's perspective and the other from the perspective of the persecutors. However, with respect to the scapegoat mechanism, Shi'ite traditions about Ali, inclusive of historical, popular, or ghulat traditions, show that Jesus was not the only victim to reveal his innocence and embrace non-violence for positive mimesis. Rather, Ali goes further in rejecting materialism to avoid envy, encouraging his community to witness his poverty. Without the distraction of material things, Ali could demonstrate God's love. While Girard claimed that Christianity, particularly the gospels, revealed the victim's innocence in Jesus Christ, Ali brings forth a similar message of imitating the love of God. Like Jesus, he revealed that God was a loving and forgiving God; he was not an angry God that demanded sacrifice.
Reflective mimesis and ethics of the cross in the mimetic theory of Rene Girard: towards an inclusive humanism : doctoral dissertation
(2020) Ekpunobi, Anthony; Petkošek, Robert; TEOF - Teološka fakulteta; Univerza v Ljubljani
According to René Girard’s anthropological interpretation of the Event of the cross of Jesus Christ, the cross represents the historical moment when the unjust nature of the scapegoat mechanism that held sway of primitive society was exposed. In his Mimetic Theory, mimetic desire is the unconscious, involuntary, uncontrollable driving force of human acts. He proffered the Imitation of Christ i.e. a reversal of the will to violence, as the solution to scapegoating. Unfortunately, the imitation of Christ involves a mental reflection that is inconsistent with the mimetic theory. This Christological solution i.e. the Imitation of Christ, to an anthropological crisis as proposed by Girard does not make for a rational understanding of the action of the cross. On the contrary, a reflective mimesis informed by the action of the cross, is supportive of a rational understanding of the cross as such, unaided by any appeal to religious faith. This thesis argues for reflective mimesis as an ethical disposition, a paradigm and a point of reference of social integration.
L’islamisme radical aux prises avec l’hypermodernité Une approche girardienne du processus de 'bouc-émissarisation'
(Société Binet Simon, Archives Binet, 2019-10-20) Bentrar, Djamel; Zanna, Omar
In this contribution, we relate notions of modernity and radicalism in the light of Rene Girard’s theory of mimetism. Through this linking, it is a question of accounting for the symbolic dimension - the hard core of the religious mechanism - threatened by individualism consubstantial with hypermodernity. And it is precisely this threat of religious sacrality in favor of scientific rationality and technical spirit that seems to make the ground of extreme behavior, including radicalization. Nourished by a process of reconsideration of the social reality, this movement is accompanied by an inscription in a province of meaning whose corollary is the denial of the social norms surrounding and on the other hand, by the feeling of scapegoating.
Can Religion Overcome Violence? A mimetic perspective
(Jnana Deepa, Institute of Philosophy and Theology (India), 2017-01-07) Antonysamy, Morris
¿Puede la religión superar la violencia? Una perspectiva miméticaMorris AntonysamyDepartamento de Estudios Cristianos, Universidad de M adras, ChennaiResumen: La íntima relación entre la religión y la violencia ha sido una cuestión perenne en el ámbito de la armonía social y la paz. Se han intentado muchos enfoques para explicar este enigmático vínculo. Sin embargo, este vínculo sigue siendo exploratorio y plantea siempre nuevos retos. Este artículo aborda esta relación desde el punto de vista de la teoría mimética de René Girard. Desde una perspectiva antropológica, la teoría mimética trata de explorar las raíces de la violencia en la evolución de las culturas. Nos lleva a la cuestión más profunda de cómo definimos y entendemos la religión. Desde una teorización universal, nos fijamos en el escenario indio, que ofrece bastantes perspectivas, así como ciertos desafíos. La historia de la India, al igual que la del mundo, gira en torno al tejido mimético del conflicto y la violencia. A la luz de esta discusión, el autor propone ciertos medios para superar los conflictos miméticos y la violencia. Finalmente, trata de abordar la cuestión de la divergencia entre religión y política.
Resurrection from the Underground: Feodor Dostoevsky translated by James G. Williams (Michigan State University Press, 2012)
(Flinders Institute for Research in the Humanities. Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia, 2012) Thurnwald, Adrian
Fratricide or Patricide - the Crisis of Patriarchy in the Novels "Đuka Begović" by Ivan Kozarac and "Zemja" by Elin Pelin
(Faculty of Philology at Perm State University (Russia), 2020-11-08) Bijelić, Marijana
ince the plots of the novels Đuka Begović and Zemja (Land) by Elin Pelin are constructed around the ancient mythical murder motifs of patricide and fratricide, this analysis relies on mimetic theory by Rene Girard that is also constructed as a theoretical explanation of the afore mentioned mythical murders. Although Girard denies libidinal and object-directed causation of desire, in his polemics with the Freudian model of the libidinal desire Girard implies that there is a privileged object of desire in the patriarchal order – i.e. women because the father is the natural model for the son, and men’s desire for women is interindividually directed and intensified. Money and some other types of property are the privileged objects in a capitalist society – since the desires of all members of the society are concentrated around them. The crisis of patriarchal order in Đuka Begović causes the loss of degree and the elevation of the structural positions of the father and the son, which then becomes the motive for Đuka’s patricide. On the other hand, the idealization and the persevered authority of the older brother causes Enjo’s repentance and the semi-establishing of the patriarchal order in the novel Zemja. The idealized older brother in the Pelin’s novel preserves the function of the paternal authority, and the father in Kozarac’s novel loses his authority and degree so he functions as the rival brother within the framework of the Girardian mimetic theory.
Arte, sacrificio y reconciliación: una lectura mimética del fenómeno musical
(Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, 2016) Aguía Betancourt, Nicolás
In this research, different musical works are examined through the mimetic theory of French philosopher Rene Girard. Using the concepts that Girard develops in his literary analysis of various novels, it was possible to establish a relationship between the intersubjective violence in literature and various musical works of Wagner, Stravinsky, Olivier Messiaen and Arvo Pärt. Because of the relationship between music and literature, the problem of reconciliation and violence could be analyzed in the work of art, in the sense that the musical work can express a positive mimesis that can show the subject a way to abandon the negative reciprocity of mimetic crisis.
La violencia sacrificial como fundamento del orden a través de la teoría mimética de René Girard
(Facultad de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán (México), 2018) Muñoz Trejo, Anabel
En el siguiente artículo se abordan las principales hipótesis de la teoría mimética creada por el historiador francés René Girard. Se señala que la violencia, al estar inscrita en los deseos, corres - ponde a una dimensión humana que siempre busca la diferenciación; por ello, puede considerarse como un fundamento del orden social. Con el fin de clarificar este hecho, se analiza el papel del mecanismo sacrificial como uno de los principios estructurantes de la existencia humana y de la integración de sus comunidades. La teoría de Girard representa una interpretación alternativa frente las teorías contractualistas propuestas en el campo de la filosofía política. Finalmente, se discute sobre la vigencia de las prácticas sacrificiales en el mundo contemporáneo, tomando como ejemplo el enfrentamiento terrorismo-contraterrorismo, a partir del enfoque mimético.
'Our Darker Purpose' : the calculus of desire in King Lear : a Girardian reading
(University of Malta. Junior College, 2006) Caruana, Carmel
Rene Girard has always seen in Shakespeare's work a supreme example of his mimetic theory applied with genius in a dramatic context. He sees in King Lear a kind of summa which brings to 'a sharp focus . .. the mimetic vision.' Using key Girardian concepts like mimetic desire and rivalry, the crisis of Degree, sacred violence, and the victimage mechanism as hermeneutical tools, and applying them rigorously and systematically to the text may yieldfresh and illuminating insights into one of the greatest tragedies of Shakespeare.
Sacralization of Violence: Any Way Out?
(JnanaDeepa Institute of Philosophy and Theology, 2002-07-07) Pattery, George
This paper surveys the phenomenon of violence in its relation to religion, as exemplified in the two recent incidents of the terrorist attack on WTC and the Gujarat Genocide. Terrorism and communal violence cannot be classified together; however, the denominator of religion operates as a commonality be tween them. After analyzing how and why real-world struggles get sacralized, we probe into the two responses to violence, represented by Rene Girard (theological response) and Gandhi (practical application). In spite of the many differences, both seem to agree upon the ‘only way’ to unwind the coil of violence.
Negation in Mary Shelley’s Journals: a morphosyntactic operation or concept of life
(Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, 2017) Pashniak, Tetiana
Present paper is an interdisciplinary approach to Mary Shelley’s works aimed at contributing to Romantic studies of Mary Shelley’s discourse by providing some insight into critical readings of Mary Shelley’s works by distinguished scholars in Romantic Literature studies and looking into the “negative” nature of Mary Shelley’s confessions speaking through her notes, as well as putting into perspective more studies on “the negation/denial” aspect based on Julia Kristeva’s intertextuality, Carl Jung’s archetypes, Rene Girard’s mimetic approach and Sigmund Freud’s “desire theory”.
Mímesis y noviolencia. Reflexiones desde la investigación y la acción
(Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, 2010-12-20) Solarte Rodríguez, Mario Roberto
Este texto ofrece una reflexión sobre una forma concreta en la que la teoría mimética desarrollada por René Girard se ha llevado a la práctica investigativa. Discute la diferencia que marca Heidegger entre el investigar de la ciencia y el preguntar de la filosofía. Éste será el marco desde el cual Girard avanza en su pregunta por el origen, la cual rastrea hasta la violencia fundadora, omnipresente en lo sagrado de toda cultura. Esto plantea el problema de las posibilidades de investigar desde un marco que no reproduzca la violencia.
Mimetic desire and mirror neurons: the consciousness of workplace bullying
(Business Perspectives, 2019-02-21) Lebreton, Christian; Richard, Damien; Cristini, Helene
Workplace bullying is important to business and government, because it has a real impact on unfortunate casualties’ wellbeing and organizations’ benefits. Studies into the causes and outcomes of workplace bullying with a focus on the key psychodynamic factors underlying harassment and the subsequent results are rare. This paper applies Rene Girard’s mimetic desire theory to clarify the elements and non-cognizant components associated with “interdividual” connections prompting aggression for the victim by the harasser. The disclosure of mirror neurons affirms that mimetic desire grows unwittingly through a mediator of the mimetic brain. Mimetic desire theory helps to recognize and understand that the destructive patterns of behavior and emotional responses to situations leading to moral harassment is a direct consequence of the mimetic rivalry between the bully and the victim. The unconscious mechanism is then brought up to the consciousness. The bully and the victim can avoid becoming entrapped within dysfunctional and toxic relationships such as bullying. The use of the mimetic desire concepts also enables human resources managers, bystanders, and practitioners to better deal with protagonists. This can help minimize or eliminate workplace bullyin
For a Comparative Topography of Desire: Mimetic Theory and the World Map
(Michigan State University Press, 2015-10-01) Mucignat, Rosa
When Girard opposes “Romantic lies” to “novelistic truth”, in Desire, Deceit and the Novel, he is not thinking of Keats or Shelley but of the second-hand Romanticism of some literary critics whom he never names. “Romantic critics” extol Don Quixote for living his dream and admire Julien Sorel’s ambition, seeing in them the embodiment of the bogus ideals of originality and spontaneity that they cherish. Literary criticism of this kind, Girard observes, is the victim of the same form of mediated desire that controls the characters of novels
Shakespeare, dramaturgo-filósofo
(Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, 2017-09) Pego Puigbó, Armando
En este artículo se propone un acercamiento al universo dramático de William Shakespeare en un sentido filosófico más allá de las interpretaciones históricas, sociales y estéticas habituales en las teorías críticas más recientes. No se trata de resaltar sólo las intuiciones filosóficas contenidas en la obra shakesperiana, sino de intentar mostrar la irreductible condición filosófica de su imaginación literaria. Aun evitando los excesos bardólatras, se hace preciso revisar las relaciones paradójicas que mantiene el modelo trágico de Shakespeare con las categorías —y no las reglas— de la Poética aristotélica. Podrá observarse cómo, al ponerlas en jaque, la energía teatral de Shakespeare ha desvelado ambiguos territorios que la filosofía contemporánea explora a tientas como lugares de la invención moderna de lo «humano». Hamlet ejemplificará esta capacidad de suscitar un debate moral y estético en las interpretaciones de autores como C. Schmitt, S. Cavell, F. Ricordi o R. Girard
Friedrich Nietzsche en el pensamiento de René Girard
(Universidad de Granada, 2014-05) Ruiz Lozano, Pablo
René Girard es un antropólogo, que ha propuesto una original hipótesis acerca del mecanismo del chivo expiatorio y la relación entre violencia y religión. A partir de ella intenta realizar una crítica de la modernidad, buscando recuperar el papel del cristianismo en la cultura. Desde esta perspectiva, se acerca a la obra de F. Nietzsche mostrando las dos caras que descubre en este pensador: su intuición sobre la verdad oculta de la violencia; y su rechazo de esta verdad para volver a los orígenes violentos de la cultura.
Inconscio mimetico e "attori signori": sul progetto di ricerca HOM: Homo Mimeticus
(Accademia University Press, 2020) Deriu, Fabrizio
Análisis de conclusiones del proyecto Homo Miméticus dirigido por Nidesh Lawtoo
The Plasticity of Mimesis
(The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017) Lawtoo, Nidesh
This article inscribes Catherine Malabou's recent philosophical account of brain plasticity in a genealogy that goes, from Lacoue-Labarthe, back to its mimetic origins in Plato's Republic.
The Philosophy of Imitation in Focus
(European Research Council, 2019-05) Lawtoo, Nidesh
Artículo que anuncia el inicio del proyecto de investigación Homo Mimeticus

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